The Eye of Ra,  the right eye  ,  a representation of the sun in ancient Egypt, whereas the left eye is called the Eye of Horus and is a representation of the moon.

A symbol of protection in Ancient Egypt.

The chain  is called loop in loop, where each  link is  made by hand and then fused. The whole chain is then weaved together using an ancient technique of chain making.

The" Eye of Ra"  itself  is made using an Ancient technique called Granulation

Granulation is a very sensitive technique used in ancient civilizations.

Each granule is made by hand then placed very carefully over the metal sheet,  the gold sheet is then heated to a certain temperature so that it melts and fuses to the tiny gold  granules, if you over melt the gold the whole piece will melt and if you under melt it there'll be no fusion between the gold sheet and the gold granules.

Granulation is a technique sensitive process and takes years to master, and its only done these days by very few goldsmiths.

Next time you visit a museum look at the ancient Egyptian or Greek pieces and you'll be able to spot the granulation technique.